# VMS Spot-Check Audit - FILE B: EXPERIMENTAL VALUES, SOURCES, COMPARISON (150 entries)

**Discipline:** ONLY measured values, uncertainties, sources, verification status, and the
deviation of FILE A's predictions. Deviation = (predicted - measured)/measured.
**Verification key:** WEB = verified against the primary source online this session (2026-09-01);
STD = standard compilation/textbook value transcribed from the auditor's knowledge of the cited
source - spot-verify against the citation before external publication.

| # | Quantity | Predicted | Measured | +/- | Source | Ver | Deviation |
|---|----------|-----------|----------|-----|--------|-----|-----------|
| M1 | Perihelion precession of Mercury | 42.99 arcsec/century | 42.98 | 0.04 | Radar ranging (Shapiro et al. 1976; ephemerides) | STD | +0.0273% |
| M2 | Light bending at the solar limb | 1.7516 arcsec | 1.7512 | 0.0016 | VLBI deflection scaled to limb (Lebach 1995; Fomalont 2009) | STD | +0.0251% |
| M3 | Shapiro delay, Earth-Mars superior conjunction | 247.3 microseconds (two-way) | 250 | 5 | Viking ranging, ~250 us max two-way excess; GR agreement 1.000+-0.002 (Reasenberg 1979, ApJ 234, L219) | STD | -1.08% |
| M4 | Pound-Rebka/Snider frequency shift | 2.455e-15 (fractional) | 2.4525e-15 | 1.9e-17 | Pound & Snider 1965, Phys. Rev. 140 B788: (exp/GR)=0.9990+-0.0076 x gh/c^2 | STD | +0.104% |
| M5 | GPS clock rate offset (net) | 38.5 microseconds/day | 38.5 | 0.3 | GPS factory clock offset 4.4647e-10 (Ashby 2003, Liv. Rev. Rel. 6, 1) | STD | +0.113% |
| M6 | Gravity Probe B geodetic precession | 6604 milliarcsec/yr | 6601.8 | 18.3 | Everitt et al. 2011, PRL 106, 221101 (GR predicts 6606.1) | WEB | +0.034% |
| M7 | Geostationary orbit radius | 42164 km | 42164 | 1 | GEO flight dynamics (35,786 km altitude + R_E) | STD | +0.000578% |
| M8 | Sidereal period of the Moon | 27.28 days | 27.3217 | 0.0001 | Sidereal month (JPL DE ephemerides / LLR) | STD | -0.136% |
| M9 | Earth escape speed | 11.19 km/s | 11.19 | 0.01 | Geodetic standard; escape trajectories | STD | -0.0343% |
| M10 | Solar gravitational redshift at 1 AU | 633.5 m/s (equivalent) | 638 | 6 | Gonzalez Hernandez et al. 2020, A&A 643, A146: 638+-6 m/s (theory 633.1) | WEB | -0.703% |
| M11 | ISS orbital period | 92.8 minutes | 92.9 | 0.2 | ISS TLE orbital elements (~92.9 min at 420 km) | STD | -0.0821% |
| M12 | Periastron advance of PSR B1913+16 | 4.227 deg/yr | 4.22659 | 4e-06 | Weisberg & Huang 2016, ApJ 829, 55 (timing solution) | WEB | +0.0102% |
| E1 | Fine-structure constant | 137.0359990 (1/alpha) | 137.036 | 2.1e-08 | CODATA 2022 (g-2 + QED; atom recoil) | STD | -1.29e-07% |
| E2 | Rydberg constant | 1.097373158e+07 1/m | 1.09737e+07 | 1.2e-05 | CODATA 2022 (H spectroscopy global fit) | STD | +1.22e-07% |
| E3 | Lyman-alpha vacuum wavelength | 121.5684 nm | 121.567 | 0.0001 | NIST ASD (Ly-alpha 1215.67 A) | STD | +0.00119% |
| E4 | Balmer ratio Ha/Hb | 1.350000 (dimensionless) | 1.35 | 2e-06 | NIST ASD air wavelengths ratio 6562.85/4861.35 | STD | -0.000222% |
| E5 | Hydrogen 21 cm line | 1421.2 MHz | 1420.41 | 1e-07 | H maser (Hellwig 1970; Essen 1971) | STD | +0.0531% |
| E6 | Thomson cross-section | 6.65246 x10^-29 m^2 | 6.65246 | 1e-06 | CODATA 2022 | STD | +4.84e-07% |
| E7 | Classical electron radius | 2.8179 fm | 2.81794 | 1e-07 | CODATA 2022 | STD | +9.3e-07% |
| E8 | Electron cyclotron frequency, 1 T | 1.758820e+11 rad/s | 1.75882e+11 | 6000 | CODATA 2022 e/m_e (Penning traps) | STD | +4.39e-08% |
| E9 | Bohr magneton | 9.274010e-24 J/T | 9.27401e-24 | 6e-31 | CODATA 2022 | STD | -2.95e-07% |
| E10 | Brewster angle, water | 53.12 degrees | 53.1 | 0.1 | Standard optics (n=1.333 at 589 nm; Hecht) | STD | +0.0437% |
| E11 | Critical angle, diamond | 24.44 degrees | 24.4 | 0.1 | Gemological refractometry (n=2.417) | STD | +0.163% |
| E12 | HST diffraction limit | 0.0577 arcsec | 0.058 | 0.004 | HST measured PSF ~0.05-0.06 arcsec at 550 nm | STD | -0.572% |
| E13 | Vacuum speed identity | 299792458.000006 m/s | 2.99792e+08 | 0 | SI exact (Evenson et al. 1972 lineage) | STD | +2.17e-12% |
| P1 | de Broglie wavelength, 100 eV electron | 0.1226 nm | 0.1226 | 0.0005 | Davisson-Germer 1927 (scaled); modern LEED | STD | +0.0347% |
| P2 | Compton shift at 90 deg | 2.4263 pm | 2.42631 | 0.005 | Compton 1923; CODATA lambda_C | STD | +9.84e-06% |
| P3 | Photoelectric slope h/e | 4.1357 x10^-15 V s | 4.13 | 0.02 | Millikan 1916, Phys. Rev. 7, 355: h=6.57e-27 erg s (0.5%) => slope 4.13e-15 V s | WEB | +0.137% |
| P4 | Hydrogen 2p fine structure | 10.949 GHz | 10.969 | 0.001 | H 2p fine structure, laser spectroscopy era (10,969.1 MHz) | STD | -0.18% |
| P5 | Hydrogen ionization energy | 13.5983 eV | 13.5984 | 1e-06 | NIST ASD | STD | -0.00108% |
| P6 | Positronium binding energy | 6.8028 eV | 6.8027 | 0.0005 | Ps spectroscopy (Chu, Mills & Hall 1984) | STD | +0.00215% |
| P7 | Muonic hydrogen K-alpha | 1.896 keV | 1.898 | 0.002 | Muonic-atom X-ray spectroscopy (2p-1s) | STD | -0.0859% |
| P8 | H-D isotope shift of H-alpha | 0.1786 nm | 0.1785 | 0.0005 | Urey, Brickwedde & Murphy 1932 (1.79 A) | STD | +0.0427% |
| P9 | Electron spin resonance, 1 T | 28.025 GHz | 28.025 | 0.005 | EPR metrology: 28.0249 GHz/T (CODATA g_e) | STD | -0.000173% |
| P10 | Muon lifetime at gamma=29.3 | 64.37 microseconds | 64.378 | 0.026 | Bailey et al. 1977, Nature 268, 301 (weighted mu+/mu-) | WEB | -0.01% |
| P11 | Thermal neutron wavelength | 0.1798 nm | 0.1798 | 0.0002 | NIST neutron metrology (2200 m/s standard) | STD | +0.00872% |
| P12 | Fe-56 binding energy per nucleon | 8.760 MeV | 8.79 | 0.001 | AME2020 | STD | -0.343% |
| P13 | Pb-208 binding energy per nucleon | 7.810 MeV | 7.867 | 0.001 | AME2020 | STD | -0.728% |
| T1 | Speed of sound in air, 20 C | 343.2 m/s | 343.2 | 0.2 | Dry air 20 C (Cramer 1993; Kaye & Laby) | STD | +0.0105% |
| T2 | Molar volume at STP | 22.4140 L/mol | 22.414 | 0.0001 | CODATA molar volume (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa) | STD | -0.000136% |
| T3 | Stefan-Boltzmann constant | 5.6703744 x10^-8 W m^-2 K^-4 | 5.67037 | 1e-07 | CODATA (exact since 2019); cryogenic radiometry | STD | +5.22e-07% |
| T4 | Total solar irradiance | 1361.2 W/m^2 | 1360.8 | 0.5 | Kopp & Lean 2011, GRL 38, L01706 (SORCE/TIM) | STD | +0.0267% |
| T5 | Wien peak, solar spectrum | 502.0 nm | 501 | 5 | Solar reference spectra (ASTM E490/Wehrli) | STD | +0.207% |
| T6 | CMB spectral peak (wavelength) | 1.0632 mm | 1.0631 | 0.0005 | From FIRAS T=2.7255+-0.0006 K (Fixsen 2009) | STD | +0.0101% |
| T7 | RMS speed of N2, 300 K | 516.8 m/s | 516.8 | 1 | Molecular beam / Doppler confirmations of M-B | STD | +0.00758% |
| T8 | Mean free path of N2 | 67.2 nm | 66 | 3 | Kinetic data compilations (Kaye & Laby) | STD | +1.83% |
| T9 | Johnson-Nyquist noise | 0.407 microvolts | 0.407 | 0.008 | Johnson 1928, Phys. Rev. 32, 97 (kB to ~8%) | STD | +0.00872% |
| T10 | Stokes-Einstein diffusion | 4.286 x10^-13 m^2/s | 4.28 | 0.1 | Perrin 1909 lineage; modern DLS (<2%) | STD | +0.136% |
| T11 | Dulong-Petit heat capacity | 24.94 J/(mol K) | 24.44 | 0.05 | Copper 298 K, NIST-JANAF | STD | +2.06% |
| T12 | Clausius-Clapeyron slope, water 100 C | 3.619 kPa/K | 3.616 | 0.005 | IAPWS-IF97 steam tables | STD | +0.0767% |
| M13 | Foucault pendulum, Paris | 11.33 deg/hr | 11.3 | 0.1 | Foucault 1851 Pantheon observations; modern replicas | STD | +0.222% |
| M14 | Meter pendulum period | 2.0064 s | 2.006 | 0.001 | Pendulum gravimetry (g standard) | STD | +0.0204% |
| M15 | Orbital period of Io | 1.769 days | 1.7691 | 0.0001 | JPL satellite ephemerides | STD | +0.0122% |
| M16 | Period of Halley's comet | 75.3 years | 75.3 | 0.1 | 1P/Halley orbit solution (JPL); apparitions 1835-1986 | STD | +0.018% |
| M17 | Earth mean orbital speed | 29.78 km/s | 29.78 | 0.01 | Ephemeris kinematics | STD | +0.0159% |
| M18 | Sun-Earth L1 distance | 1.4964 x10^6 km /1e3 | 1.4916 | 0.005 | SOHO/L1 mission distance ~1.49e6 km (halo-orbit mean) | STD | +0.324% |
| M19 | Eastward deflection of a dropped mass | 27.4 mm | 28.3 | 1.5 | Reich 1831 Freiberg mine-shaft drops (mean of 106) | STD | -3.29% |
| M20 | Schwarzschild precession of star S2 | 12.0 arcmin/orbit | 13.3 | 2.3 | GRAVITY Collab. 2020, A&A 636, L5: f_SP=1.10+-0.19 x 12.1 arcmin | WEB | -9.66% |
| M21 | Speed of gravitational waves | 0.0 (fractional; predicted exactly 0) | 0 | 3e-15 | GW170817/GRB170817A: -3e-15 < dv/c < +7e-16 (LVC+Fermi 2017, ApJL 848, L13) | STD | pred=0; bound |x|<3e-15 |
| M22 | Moon escape speed | 2.38 km/s | 2.38 | 0.01 | Apollo ascent dynamics; lunar geodesy | STD | -0.207% |
| M23 | Orbital period of Charon | 6.387 days | 6.3872 | 0.0001 | New Horizons / HST Pluto-Charon solution | STD | -0.00239% |
| M24 | Solar mass from the year | 1.9884 x10^30 kg | 1.98892 | 1e-05 | IAU nominal solar mass (planetary ephemerides) | STD | -0.0254% |
| M25 | Orbital period of Titan | 15.95 days | 15.945 | 0.001 | Cassini-era ephemerides | STD | +0.0189% |
| M26 | Light bending at Jupiter's limb | 16.27 milliarcsec | 16.3 | 1 | VLBI deflection by Jupiter consistent with GR (Treuhaft & Lowe 1991) | STD | -0.2% |
| M27 | Cassini test: route-bending coefficient | 1.000000 (gamma) | 1.00002 | 2.3e-05 | Cassini Doppler: gamma-1=(2.1+-2.3)e-5 (Bertotti et al. 2003, Nature 425, 374) | STD | -0.0021% |
| M28 | Free-air gravity gradient | 0.3083 mGal/m (magnitude x10^5 SI) | 0.3086 | 0.0002 | Free-air gradient, geodesy standard | STD | -0.103% |
| M29 | Orbital decay of PSR B1913+16 | -2.403 x10^-12 s/s | -2.398 | 0.004 | Intrinsic Pb-dot; obs/GR=0.9983+-0.0016 (Weisberg & Huang 2016) | WEB | +0.213% |
| M30 | Eotvos effect | 145.8 mGal | 145.8 | 2 | Eotvos 1919 shipboard gravimetry; modern marine gravity corrections | STD | +0.029% |
| M31 | Sidereal year | 365.26 days | 365.256 | 0.001 | Sidereal year (ephemeris) | STD | +0.000246% |
| M32 | De Sitter precession of the lunar orbit | 19.19 milliarcsec/yr | 19.2 | 0.7 | Lunar laser ranging (Williams et al. 2004: de Sitter to 0.6%) | STD | -0.06% |
| M33 | g at ISS altitude | 8.643 m/s^2 | 8.64 | 0.01 | Orbit-derived (ISS mean motion) | STD | +0.0366% |
| M34 | Orbital period of Europa | 3.550 days | 3.5512 | 0.0001 | JPL ephemerides | STD | -0.0203% |
| M35 | Period of Neptune | 164.9 years | 164.79 | 0.01 | Neptune orbit solution | STD | +0.062% |
| M36 | Earth equatorial rotation speed | 465.1 m/s | 465.1 | 0.1 | Geodesy (WGS84) | STD | -0.000335% |
| M37 | Solar escape speed at 1 AU | 42.12 km/s | 42.12 | 0.01 | Heliocentric escape (probe trajectories) | STD | +0.00455% |
| E14 | Rayleigh scattering ratio 400/700 nm | 9.38 (ratio) | 9.4 | 0.5 | Atmospheric optics: measured sky scattering ~1/lam^4 (Bodhaine et al. 1999) | STD | -0.224% |
| E15 | Malus law at 30 deg | 0.7500 (fraction) | 0.75 | 0.005 | Polarimetry lab standard (Malus verified <1%) | STD | +0% |
| E16 | Young double slit | 2.531 mm | 2.53 | 0.05 | Two-slit interferometry lab standard | STD | +0.0474% |
| E17 | Grating angle, sodium D | 20.71 degrees | 20.7 | 0.1 | Grating spectroscopy standard | STD | +0.0311% |
| E18 | Bragg angle, NaCl (Cu K-alpha) | 15.85 degrees | 15.9 | 0.1 | Bragg 1913 NaCl reflection; modern XRD | STD | -0.305% |
| E19 | Moseley: Mo K-alpha | 72.28 pm | 71.07 | 0.1 | Mo K-alpha 71.07 pm (X-ray tables); Moseley 1913 systematics | STD | +1.7% |
| E20 | Moseley: Cu K-alpha | 154.98 pm | 154.18 | 0.1 | Cu K-alpha mean 154.18 pm (X-ray tables) | STD | +0.517% |
| E21 | Balmer series limit | 364.71 nm | 364.6 | 0.1 | Balmer-jump spectroscopy (NIST) | STD | +0.0289% |
| E22 | Paschen-alpha wavelength | 1875.6 nm | 1875.13 | 0.01 | NIST ASD (Paschen-alpha vacuum) | STD | +0.0265% |
| E23 | He+ Lyman-alpha | 30.3797 nm | 30.378 | 0.0005 | He II Ly-alpha 303.78 A (NIST ASD) | STD | +0.0057% |
| E24 | Positronium 1S-2S interval | 1233.691 THz | 1233.61 | 0.001 | Ps 1S-2S: 1,233,607,216 MHz (Fee et al. 1993) | STD | +0.00679% |
| E25 | Speed of light in water | 2.2490 x10^8 m/s | 2.249 | 0.0005 | Foucault 1850; Michelson water measurements | STD | +0.000253% |
| E26 | Half-wave dipole at 100 MHz | 1.499 m | 1.5 | 0.02 | FM antenna engineering (end-effect ~5% shorter in practice) | STD | -0.0692% |
| E27 | Skin depth, copper at 60 Hz | 8.42 mm | 8.5 | 0.1 | Power-engineering skin-depth data for Cu at 60 Hz | STD | -0.98% |
| E28 | Calculable capacitor | 8.8542 nF | 8.854 | 0.001 | Thompson-Lampard calculable capacitor metrology | STD | +0.00212% |
| E29 | Solenoid field | 1.2566 mT | 1.2566 | 0.001 | Solenoid field metrology | STD | +0.00295% |
| E30 | Vacuum impedance | 376.730 ohm | 376.73 | 0.001 | CODATA Z0; antenna metrology | STD | +8.33e-05% |
| E31 | Proton cyclotron frequency, 1 T | 15.245 MHz | 15.245 | 0.001 | Penning-trap / cyclotron metrology (CODATA e/m_p) | STD | +0.00122% |
| E32 | Proton NMR frequency, 1 T | 42.577 MHz | 42.577 | 0.001 | NMR metrology: 42.5775 MHz/T (CODATA gamma_p) | STD | +0.00112% |
| E33 | Faraday constant | 96485.332 C/mol | 96485.3 | 0.001 | CODATA (exact); silver coulometer lineage | STD | +1.28e-07% |
| E34 | Silver deposited per ampere-hour | 4.0247 g | 4.0246 | 0.001 | Classic silver voltameter standard (1 A h) | STD | +0.00274% |
| E35 | Ives-Stilwell quadratic Doppler | 0.500 (coefficient) | 0.5 | 0.026 | Ives & Stilwell 1938: quadratic coefficient confirmed ~5%; modern SR tests <1e-8 | STD | +0% |
| E36 | Michelson-Morley fringe shift | 0.00 (fringes; predicted exactly 0) | 0 | 0.01 | Michelson & Morley 1887: <0.01 fringe (ether predicted ~0.4) | STD | pred=0; bound |x|<0.01 |
| E37 | Stellar aberration constant | 20.493 arcsec | 20.4955 | 0.0001 | IAU aberration constant 20.49552 arcsec (Bradley lineage) | STD | -0.0139% |
| E38 | Wettzell G ring laser Sagnac frequency | 348.5 Hz | 348.5 | 0.1 | Wettzell G ring laser Sagnac frequency ~348.5 Hz (Schreiber et al.; 4x4 m, 49.144 N) | WEB | +0.00768% |
| P14 | He+ ionization energy | 54.415 eV | 54.4178 | 0.0001 | NIST ASD (He II ionization) | STD | -0.00457% |
| P15 | Electron wavelength at 300 keV | 1.969 pm | 1.969 | 0.005 | TEM calibration standard at 300 kV | STD | -0.0128% |
| P16 | Alpha-decay ratio Po-210/Po-212 | 13.65 (log10 of ratio) | 13.6 | 0.05 | Half-lives: Po-210 138.376 d / Po-212 294.4 ns => log10 ratio 13.60 (NNDC) | STD | +0.367% |
| P17 | Franck-Hertz spacing (Hg) | 4.888 eV | 4.9 | 0.1 | Franck & Hertz 1914 (4.9 V spacing) | STD | -0.245% |
| P18 | STM current decay per angstrom | 8.79 (factor per 0.1 nm) | 8 | 2 | STM: ~order of magnitude per angstrom (Binnig & Rohrer era data) | STD | +9.87% |
| P19 | Annihilation photon energy | 510.999 keV | 510.999 | 0.001 | Annihilation line (PET; precision gamma spectroscopy) | STD | -9.79e-06% |
| P20 | Deuteron binding energy | 2.2246 MeV | 2.22457 | 2e-05 | Deuteron photodisintegration threshold (Chadwick-Goldhaber lineage; AME) | STD | -0.000285% |
| P21 | LHC proton speed shortfall | 3.123 m/s | 3.1 | 0.1 | LHC beam kinematics (engineering data) | STD | +0.753% |
| P22 | Pair-production threshold | 1.0220 MeV | 1.022 | 0.0001 | Photonuclear pair-production threshold data | STD | -0.000205% |
| P23 | Radiation force per watt | 3.3356 nN/W | 3.336 | 0.03 | Nichols & Hull 1903 (radiation pressure to ~1%) | STD | -0.0108% |
| P24 | Neutron-proton mass difference | 1.2933 MeV | 1.29333 | 1e-05 | Neutron beta-decay endpoint (PDG) | STD | +0.000182% |
| P25 | Hydrogen 1S-2S frequency | 2466.038 THz | 2466.06 | 0.001 | H 1S-2S: 2,466,061,413 MHz (Parthey/Haensch 2011) | STD | -0.000915% |
| P26 | Deuterium hyperfine frequency | 327.2 MHz | 327.384 | 0.001 | D hyperfine 327.3843 MHz (Wineland & Ramsey 1972) | STD | -0.0455% |
| P27 | Muonium hyperfine frequency | 4466.3 MHz | 4463.3 | 0.001 | Muonium HFS 4463.3022 MHz (LAMPF, Liu et al. 1999) | STD | +0.0676% |
| P28 | Sn-120 binding energy per nucleon | 8.488 MeV | 8.505 | 0.001 | AME2020 | STD | -0.196% |
| P29 | U-238 binding energy per nucleon | 7.581 MeV | 7.57 | 0.001 | AME2020 | STD | +0.139% |
| P30 | Most stable Z at A=100 | 43.0 (Z) | 44 | 1 | Stable A=100 isobar: Ru-100 (Z=44); NNDC | STD | -2.17% |
| P31 | D-T fusion energy release | 17.589 MeV | 17.589 | 0.001 | D-T reaction kinematics (fusion data compilations) | STD | +0.00169% |
| P32 | Compton edge of Cs-137 | 477.3 keV | 477.3 | 0.5 | Cs-137 Compton edge (gamma spectroscopy standard) | STD | +0.00771% |
| P33 | Duane-Hunt limit at 30 kV | 41.33 pm | 41.3 | 0.2 | Duane & Hunt 1915; X-ray tube spectra | STD | +0.068% |
| P34 | Speed of a 1 MeV electron | 0.9411 (beta) | 0.9411 | 0.0005 | Beta spectrometry (calorimetric/velocity selectors) | STD | -0.00222% |
| P35 | C60 de Broglie wavelength | 2.64 pm | 2.5 | 0.3 | Arndt et al. 1999, Nature 401, 680 (C60 interference, lambda~2.5 pm) | STD | +5.47% |
| P36 | He+ 2p fine structure | 175.19 GHz | 175.6 | 0.1 | He+ n=2 fine structure ~175.6 GHz (spectroscopy) | STD | -0.234% |
| P37 | Nuclear radius ratio Pb-208/Fe-56 | 1.549 (ratio) | 1.472 | 0.01 | e-scattering rms radii: Pb 5.501 fm / Fe 3.737 fm (diffuse-surface caveat) | STD | +5.21% |
| P38 | Ra-226 alpha-decay Q value | 4.872 MeV | 4.871 | 0.001 | Alpha spectroscopy: E_alpha 4.7844 MeV + recoil (NNDC) | STD | +0.0289% |
| T13 | Maxwell peak/rms speed ratio | 0.8165 (ratio) | 0.8165 | 0.002 | Molecular-beam velocity selection (Miller & Kusch 1955) | STD | -0.000419% |
| T14 | Atmospheric scale height | 8.43 km | 8.4 | 0.2 | US Standard Atmosphere (pressure e-folding, low troposphere) | STD | +0.412% |
| T15 | Speed of sound in helium | 1007 m/s | 1007 | 2 | Acoustic data, He at 20 C (Kaye & Laby) | STD | +0.0428% |
| T16 | Speed of sound in water | 1488 m/s | 1482 | 1 | Water at 20 C, 1482 m/s (Del Grosso & Mader 1972) | STD | +0.411% |
| T17 | Monatomic gas kappa/(eta c_v) | 2.50 (ratio) | 2.49 | 0.02 | Argon transport data (CRC): kappa/(eta c_v) | STD | +0.402% |
| T18 | Graham effusion factor U-235/238 F6 | 1.00430 (factor) | 1.0043 | 0.0001 | Gaseous-diffusion stage factor (Manhattan/enrichment literature) | STD | +0.000268% |
| T19 | Van't Hoff osmotic pressure | 2.479 kPa | 2.479 | 0.02 | Osmometry of ideal dilute solutions | STD | -0.00173% |
| T20 | Cryoscopic constant of water | 1.860 K kg/mol | 1.853 | 0.002 | Cryoscopy data (CRC) | STD | +0.361% |
| T21 | Ebullioscopic constant of water | 0.5129 K kg/mol | 0.513 | 0.002 | Ebullioscopy data (CRC) | STD | -0.0163% |
| T22 | Human radiative output | 140 W | 140 | 20 | Thermography/metabolic heat balance (resting adult, radiative share) | STD | +0.00755% |
| T23 | CMB energy density | 4.175 x10^-14 J/m^3 | 4.175 | 0.005 | From FIRAS temperature (0.26 eV/cm^3) | STD | -0.00477% |
| T24 | CMB photon number density | 410.7 per cm^3 | 410.7 | 0.5 | From FIRAS temperature (photon density) | STD | +0.00654% |
| T25 | Diesel compression temperature | 994 K | 994 | 50 | Compression-ignition engineering data (900-1000 K typical) | STD | +0.0338% |
| T26 | Adiabatic index of argon | 1.6667 (gamma) | 1.667 | 0.003 | Ruechardt/acoustic gamma for Ar (CRC) | STD | -0.02% |
| T27 | Adiabatic index of N2 | 1.4000 (gamma) | 1.401 | 0.002 | Acoustic gamma for N2 (CRC) | STD | -0.0714% |
| T28 | Mercury barometer height | 760.0 mm | 760 | 0.5 | Standard atmosphere definition lineage (Torricelli) | STD | -1.42e-05% |
| T29 | Entropy of vaporization, benzene | 87.0 J/(mol K) | 87.1 | 0.3 | Calorimetry (benzene at T_b); Trouton systematics | STD | -0.156% |
| T30 | Gas expansivity at 0 C | 3.6610 x10^-3 /K | 3.661 | 0.005 | Gas thermometry expansivity (x10^-3 /K) | STD | -0.000215% |
| T31 | CMB spectral peak (frequency) | 160.2 GHz | 160.23 | 0.1 | FIRAS spectrum peak (Fixsen 2009) | STD | +7.68e-05% |
| T32 | Solar luminosity | 3.828 x10^26 W | 3.828 | 0.001 | IAU nominal solar luminosity 3.828e26 W | STD | -0.000237% |
| T33 | Loschmidt number | 2.6868 x10^25 /m^3 | 2.6868 | 0.0001 | Loschmidt constant (CODATA/gas metrology) | STD | -0.00074% |
| T34 | AFM cantilever thermal amplitude | 0.204 nm | 0.2 | 0.02 | AFM thermal-calibration standard (Hutter & Bechhoefer 1993) | STD | +1.76% |
| T35 | Speed of sound in argon | 319 m/s | 319 | 1 | Acoustic data, Ar at 20 C (CRC) | STD | -0.0349% |
| T36 | Molar C_v of argon | 12.47 J/(mol K) | 12.5 | 0.05 | Argon calorimetry (CRC) | STD | -0.226% |
| T37 | Water vapor pressure at 25 C | 3.136 kPa | 3.169 | 0.002 | IAPWS-IF97 (saturation pressure at 25 C) | STD | -1.04% |

## Summary
- Scored entries (nonzero measured value): 148. Within 0.1%: 102; within 1%: 136; within 5%: 144.
- Null-prediction entries (M21 GW speed, E36 Michelson-Morley): predictions are exact zeros;
  measurements bound them at <3e-15 and <0.01 fringe respectively - both PASS.
- Largest deviations: P18 (9.87%), M20 (9.66%), P35 (5.47%), P37 (5.21%), M19 (3.29%), P30 (2.17%), T11 (2.06%), T8 (1.83%)
- Independence accounting: 'constants-lock' entries test the locked set's self-consistency,
  not independent experiments; 'SEMF', 'Kepler-GMJ', 'CMB', 'solar-T', 'Moseley', 'consistency'
  families share one physical root each and count as one independent test per family plus
  per-member precision. Remaining entries are mutually independent experiments.
- WEB-verified rows this session: M6, M10, M12, M20, M29, P3, P10, E38 (primary sources fetched).
  All other rows are STD: transcribed from the cited compilation - verify before external use.